Heat the olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat. Add in the ground beef and diced onion, crumbling the beef with a wooden spoon as it cooks. Season with 1 tablespoon of chili powder, 1 teaspoon of cumin, salt, and pepper to taste. Once the beef is nearly cooked through, add in the grated garlic and cook for another minute. Pour everything out onto a plate and wipe out the skillet.
In the same skillet, add diced sweet potatoes along with fire roasted tomatoes, green chiles, water, remaining 2 teaspoons of chili powder, 1 teaspoon cumin, salt, and pepper. Stir everything together well before covering it with a lid. Lowering the heat allows these ingredients to simmer gently for about 20 minutes or until sweet potatoes are tender.
After simmering, add the cooked ground beef mixture back into the skillet with sweet potatoes. Give everything a good stir to combine all those delicious flavors together! Top with shredded cheese before covering again for another minute until melted. Finish by garnishing with chopped cilantro if desired before serving hot!